Mastering Linux Storage (Part 3)

Modernizing Linux Swap with Dynamic Swap Files In Part 2 of this series, we dynamically expanded our QEMU .qcow2 image, triggered a live kernel rescan, and redefined our partition sector boundaries in fdisk to claim 50 GB of unallocated disk space. To accomplish that without complex block migration, we intentionally deleted our secondary swap partition […]

Mastering Linux Storage (Part 2): Live Disk Expansion & Navigating Sector Boundaries in fdisk

In Part 1 of this series, we covered how to diagnose disk space using df and du, unpacked the structural hierarchy of block devices, and used fdisk to uncover a classic storage bottleneck: a swap partition (/dev/vda2) physically blocking our main root partition (/dev/vda1) from expanding into newly allocated disk sectors. In this second installment, […]

Mastering Linux Storage (Part 1): Diagnosing Disk Space & Decoding Partition Sector Geometry

As software engineers, our local development environments and Linux VMs are constantly under pressure. Docker images build up, dependencies proliferate, and build artifacts quietly consume system resources. Eventually, every developer faces that dreaded error message: No space left on device. When your disk fills up, the immediate instinct is to start deleting files or run […]

Raspian | Upgrade from Stretch to Buster

I use my Raspberry PI 4 Model B for different kind of private projects. Today I want to upgrade it to the new Buster version. This is the first time I do it for the Raspberry, but not for a Debian distribution at all. See my article Upgrade Debian from Jessie to Stretch. Why should […]

How to disable password based login in Linux

It’s quite easy to disable the password based login in the SSH. Before you proceed check if you have prepared the system to logon without password. You have a user other than root, who can enter the remote server. If not, take a look into my article How to disable root login Please check if […]

Disable root login

It’s a bad idea to login with your superuser. There are too many bots running and trying to hijack your server. You don’t need to make it easier for them to take over your server. Therefore you should disable the root login via SSH. The first step is to create a user and a password […]

Automated upgrades with Unattend Upgrades

The Unattended Upgrade package is helpful for upgrading your server automatically and keeping your computer secure. In this tutorial, I show you the necessary setup to do it. To check if the package is already installed you can run the following command: Either it is already installed or it will be installed. After this step, […]

How to kill a process by port number

Today, I wanted to run my Tomcat server, but for some reason, the old instance was still running. The terminal returns the following message: The message is quite clear, but how to kill the server. I will show you how you can achieve this for Unix and Windows. As first you need to figure out […]